Berikut ini adalah daftar Swadesh (en) untuk bahasa Indonesia dan Jawa.
- For further information, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list
A Swadesh word list, developed by the linguist Morris Swadesh, is used as a tool to study the evolution of languages. It contains a set of basic words which can be found in every language to varying degrees. Various versions have been created, in particular:
- a complete 207 words version, in which some of the words are not found in every environment (it contains for instance snake and snow)
- a reduced 100 words version.
Some versions are more reliable than others in terms of the universality of concurrence between the words' meanings.
(This word list is not be considered as an elementary lexicon to communicate with speakers of a given language; for such a purpose, please refer to the numerous existing Wikitravel.)
| No. |
Bahasa Indonesia |
Basa Jawa (ngoko) |
Basa Jawa (krama)
|
| 1 |
saya |
aku |
kula |
| 2 |
kamu |
kowé |
sampéyan, panjenegan |
| 3 |
dia |
dhéwéké |
|
| 4 |
kami/kita |
awaké dhéwé, dhéwé |
|
| 5 |
kalian |
kowé |
|
| 6 |
mereka |
dhéwéké |
|
| 7 |
ini |
iki |
|
| 8 |
itu |
iku, kuwi, kaé |
|
| 9 |
sini |
ing kéné |
|
| 10 |
situ/sana |
ing kana |
|
| 11 |
siapa |
sapa |
|
| 12 |
apa |
apa |
|
| 13 |
di mana |
ing endi (ngendi) |
|
| 14 |
kapan |
kapan |
|
| 15 |
bagaimana |
kepriyé, mpripun |
|
| 16 |
bukan/tidak |
dudu, ora |
sanes |
| 17 |
semua |
kabèh |
|
| 18 |
banyak |
akèh |
kathah |
| 19 |
beberapa |
sawetara |
|
| 20 |
sedikit |
sithik, sethithik |
|
| 21 |
lain |
liya |
|
| 22 |
satu |
siji, sa |
setunggal |
| 23 |
dua |
loro |
kalih |
| 24 |
tiga |
telu |
tigo |
| 25 |
empat |
papat |
sekawan |
| 26 |
lima |
lima |
gangsal |
| 27 |
besar |
gedhé |
cekak |
| 28 |
panjang |
dhawa |
|
| 29 |
lebar |
amba |
|
| 30 |
tebal |
kandel |
|
| 31 |
berat |
abot |
|
| 32 |
kecil |
cilik |
alit |
| 33 |
pendek |
cendhèk, cendhak |
cekak |
| 34 |
sempit |
ciyut |
|
| 35 |
tipis |
tipis |
|
| 36 |
perempuan/wanita |
wédok |
wadon |
| 37 |
laki-laki/pria |
lanang |
|
| 38 |
manusia |
wong |
manungsa |
| 39 |
anak |
anak |
putra |
| 40 |
istri |
bojo |
|
| 41 |
suami |
bojo |
|
| 42 |
ibu |
ibu |
|
| 43 |
ayah |
bapak |
|
| 44 |
binatang |
kéwan |
|
| 45 |
ikan |
iwak |
|
| 46 |
burung |
manuk |
|
| 47 |
anjing |
asu |
segawon |
| 48 |
kutu |
tuma |
|
| 49 |
ular |
ula |
|
| 50 |
cacing |
cacing |
|
| 51 |
pohon |
wit |
|
| 52 |
hutan |
alas |
|
| 53 |
ranting |
pang |
|
| 54 |
buah |
woh |
|
| 55 |
biji |
isi |
|
| 56 |
daun |
godhong |
|
| 57 |
akar |
oyod |
|
| 58 |
kulit kayu |
dluwang (?) |
|
| 59 |
bunga |
kembang |
|
| 60 |
rumput |
suket |
|
| 61 |
tali |
tali |
|
| 62 |
kulit |
kulit |
|
| 63 |
daging |
daging |
|
| 64 |
darah |
getih |
rah |
| 65 |
tulang |
balung |
|
| 66 |
lemak |
gajih |
|
| 67 |
telur |
endhog |
|
| 68 |
tanduk |
sungu |
|
| 69 |
ekor |
buntut |
|
| 70 |
bulu |
wulu |
|
| 71 |
rambut |
rambut |
|
| 72 |
kepala |
endhas |
sirah |
| 73 |
telinga |
kuping |
|
| 74 |
mata |
mata |
|
| 75 |
hidung |
irung |
|
| 76 |
mulut |
lambé |
|
| 77 |
gigi |
untu |
|
| 78 |
lidah |
ilat |
|
| 79 |
kuku |
kuku |
|
| 80 |
kaki |
sikil |
|
| 81 |
telapak kaki |
dlamakan sikil |
|
| 82 |
lutut |
dhengkul |
|
| 83 |
tangan |
tangan |
|
| 84 |
sayap |
sewiwi |
|
| 85 |
perut |
weteng |
|
| 86 |
usus |
usus |
|
| 87 |
leher |
gulu |
|
| 88 |
punggung |
boyok |
|
| 89 |
payudara |
penthil, susu |
|
| 90 |
jantung |
jantung |
|
| 91 |
hati |
ati |
|
| 92 |
minum (meminum) |
ngombé |
|
| 93 |
makan (memakan) |
mangan |
dhahar |
| 94 |
gigit (menggigit) |
nyokot |
|
| 95 |
hisap (menghisap) |
nyerot, nyedhot |
|
| 96 |
ludah (meludah) |
idu |
|
| 97 |
muntah |
mutah |
|
| 98 |
tiup (meniup) |
nyebul |
|
| 99 |
nafas (bernafas) |
ambegan |
|
| 100 |
tawa (tertawa) |
ngguyu |
|
| 101 |
lihat (melihat) |
ndelok |
ndeleng |
| 102 |
dengar (mendengar) |
ngrungokaké |
|
| 103 |
tahu (mengetahui) |
ngreti |
|
| 104 |
pikir (berpikir) |
mikir |
|
| 105 |
cium (mencium) |
ngambu, ngambung |
|
| 106 |
takut |
wedi |
|
| 107 |
tidur |
turu |
|
| 108 |
hidup |
urip |
|
| 109 |
mati |
mati |
|
| 110 |
bunuh (membunuh) |
maténi |
|
| 111 |
kelahi (berkelahi) |
gelut |
|
| 112 |
buru (berburu) |
mburu |
|
| 113 |
pukul (memukul) |
nuthuk, ngantem, nggebug |
|
| 114 |
potong (memotong) |
ngethok |
|
| 115 |
belah (membelah) |
nyigar |
|
| 116 |
tusuk (menusuk) |
nujep, nyoblos |
|
| 117 |
coret (mencoret) |
nyorek |
|
| 118 |
gali (menggali) |
ngedhuk |
|
| 119 |
renang (berenang) |
nglangi |
|
| 120 |
terbang |
mabur |
|
| 121 |
jalan (berjalan) |
mlaku |
|
| 122 |
datang |
teka |
|
| 123 |
baring (berbaring) |
teturon |
|
| 124 |
duduk |
lungguh |
|
| 125 |
diri (berdiri) |
ngadeg |
|
| 126 |
belok (berbelok) |
ménggok |
|
| 127 |
jatuh |
tiba |
|
| 128 |
beri (memberi) |
ménéhi |
|
| 129 |
pegang (memegang) |
nggocéki |
nyekeli |
| 130 |
peras (memeras) |
meres |
|
| 131 |
gosok (menggosok) |
nggosok |
|
| 132 |
cuci (mencuci) |
ngumbah |
|
| 133 |
hapus (menghapus) |
mbusak |
|
| 134 |
tarik (menarik) |
narik |
|
| 135 |
dorong (mendorong) |
nyurung |
|
| 136 |
lempar (melempar) |
nguncali |
nguncalaké |
| 137 |
ikat (mengikat) |
naleni |
|
| 138 |
jahit (menjahit) |
njait |
|
| 139 |
hitung (menghitung) |
ngétung |
|
| 140 |
kata (berkata) |
omong, ngujar |
celathu |
| 141 |
nyanyi (bernyanyi) |
nyanyi |
nembang |
| 142 |
main (bermain) |
dolanan |
|
| 143 |
apung (mengapung) |
kemambang |
|
| 144 |
alir (mengalir) |
mili |
|
| 145 |
beku (membeku) |
kaku |
|
| 146 |
bengkak (membengkak) |
abuh |
|
| 147 |
matahari |
srengéngé |
|
| 148 |
bulan |
rembulan |
|
| 149 |
bintang |
lintang |
|
| 150 |
air |
banyu |
|
| 151 |
hujan |
udan |
|
| 152 |
sungai |
kali |
|
| 153 |
danau |
wadhuk |
|
| 154 |
laut |
segara |
|
| 155 |
garam |
uyah |
|
| 156 |
batu |
watu |
|
| 157 |
pasir |
wedhi |
|
| 158 |
debu |
bledug |
|
| 159 |
bumi |
bumi |
|
| 160 |
awan |
méga |
|
| 161 |
kabut |
pedhut |
|
| 162 |
langit |
langit |
|
| 163 |
angin |
angin |
|
| 164 |
salju |
salju |
|
| 165 |
es |
ès |
|
| 166 |
asap |
kebul |
|
| 167 |
api |
geni |
|
| 168 |
abu |
awu |
|
| 169 |
bakar |
obong, bakar |
|
| 170 |
jalan |
dalan |
|
| 171 |
gunung |
gunung |
|
| 172 |
merah |
abang |
|
| 173 |
hijau |
ijo |
|
| 174 |
kuning |
kuning |
|
| 175 |
putih |
putih |
|
| 176 |
hitam |
ireng |
|
| 177 |
malam |
bengi |
|
| 178 |
hari |
dina |
|
| 179 |
tahun |
taun |
|
| 180 |
hangat |
anget |
|
| 181 |
dingin |
adhem |
|
| 182 |
penuh |
kebak |
|
| 183 |
baru |
anyar |
|
| 184 |
lama/tua |
suwé |
|
| 185 |
baik |
apik |
|
| 186 |
buruk |
ala |
|
| 187 |
busuk |
bosok |
|
| 188 |
kotor |
reged |
|
| 189 |
lurus |
lempeng |
|
| 190 |
bulat |
bunder |
|
| 191 |
tajam |
landhep |
|
| 192 |
tumpul |
bujél |
|
| 193 |
licin |
lunyu |
|
| 194 |
basah |
teles |
|
| 195 |
kering |
garing |
|
| 196 |
betul |
bener |
|
| 197 |
dekat |
cedhak |
|
| 198 |
jauh |
adoh |
|
| 199 |
kanan |
tengen |
|
| 200 |
kiri |
kiwa |
|
| 201 |
di |
ing |
|
| 202 |
dalam |
jero |
|
| 203 |
dengan |
karo |
|
| 204 |
dan |
lan |
|
| 205 |
kalau |
yen |
|
| 206 |
karena |
amarga |
|
| 207 |
nama |
jeneng |
|
[sunting] Pranala luar
